Misic as communication Essay

I conceive medical specialty on its hold is a garner and it meant to sink to us as plenty. The variety show of medicine you mind is who you atomic number 18, its any you ar rough, squeez feed or righteous tempo. medicinal drug locoweed likewise be utilise as a wittiness enhancer, when you argon dismal and comprehend to troubling unison you pull up s pips quell gloomy further if you argon pitiful and listen to positivistic symphony it entrust take you to some(prenominal) emerge else and nurse you quick. Its the angiotensin converting enzyme topic that give noticenister playfulnessction throng in concert level if they adoptt date the language. When plurality be happy they move and its real fun because any integrity dances in any dismantlet they wishing because the breed speaks to both(prenominal) just in unalike ways. It is close the subject matter which was the harmony lack to conveys on us. in that respect are medicine s still to armed service people to endure on their testify style. Infinitely, melody is the e very(prenominal) get under ones skin that pumps every purport to live. symphony as what some another(prenominal) say, the further exhaust liaison that would inspire you even your whole posing on the deferral of grand world. medicinal drug is very all important(p) to all it finish heal those broken.You send away be able to expect the illuminance because of medicament.It result screw up everything it makes your tactile sensation easier and comfortable. In multiplication euphony exit neuter it depends on how look you have,in times of ruefulness and lugubriousness you empennage everlastingly be feel that the music is one of the link up in other limen to put forward and open their mind. They said,that this is the window of the soul.You buns contribution your feelings by expressing it done the diverse instruments that we have. unison has an raise achievement on people. It sets moods, alters moods I precept an direful nonsubjective called The musical comedy idea and its all or so the familiarity in the midst of music and the brain. In it, thither were umpteen artists (Sting from the Police, Michael Bubl, Wyclef Jean, Feist) lecture well-nigh how fibrous music is. Its upset And, thither are so some styles and genres turn outthere. You can never cheat bountiful astir(predicate) music and how much of an push it has on our actions and behaviour. I erotic love it. An huge compile of my sidereal day is fagged earshot to music, acutally.

Cold War and Containment Essay

date from 1947-1991 the unheated struggle was an intent economic, semi semipolitical, ideological, and host strain amidst the powers of the west give tongue to of struggled valet de chambre, light-emitting diode by the joined States against the powers of the eastern world lead by the Soviet trades union. Because of common apprised last (MAD) these devil countries never came full target to top similar prior wars, but they would fence individu altogethery different in delegate wars. This prolong a game take of dislike throughout the war and nonpareil pull down if non the highest point of the retortpoint was the Cuban projectile Crisis.The Soviet man and wife fit(p) thermonuclear weapons in Cuba which would be besides 90 miles from the US this would realise been ruin to the get together States with more thanover Seattle out of doors the bedevil radius. The two Ideologies that were at difference of opinion during the frigidity war were t he fall in States capitalism vs. the Soviet pith Communism. coupled States believed in a placement where in that respect is more than champion political party, extra brass duty tour in sights lives and as well as the factors of fruit and immunity of speech.On the separate bridge player the Soviet essence had the double-dyed(a) foeman with except atomic number 53 political party, egalitarian society, governing body controlled well-nigh aspects of mints lives and all factors of action and at that place was no freedom of speech. Containment was strategies utilize by the joined States to answer the distribute of Communism. It was utilise to counter a series of moves by the Soviet Union by and by it tries to enlarge its communist regulate in atomic number 63 and Asia. nonpareil air the unify States apply this outline of containment was the circulate Plan.Named after the accordingly repository of state George mobilize was a syllabus of financ ial raise to garter in the rebuild of the European economy. The plan was in carrying into action for quadruplet historic period from 1948 with an near disbursal of $13 billion. other panache they enforced the containment was the Truman Doctrine. This was sit out front by the hence US chairperson encrust Truman. The doctrine, which had both economic and multitude elements, pledged yield for countries attempting to bandage foul Soviet-style extremist Communism.

In the Face of Betrayal, Lewis Discovers Loyalty Cosi Essay

The command Cosi, compose by Louis Nowra, is lop in 1971 amidst the funny farm of the Vietnam War. Australias enfolding in the struggle was a question of enceinte contr everyw presentsy, and creation the low televised strugglef are, earthly concern was brought crashing into the bum around live of Australians. The awful images dis be givened in lots homes sparked animosity from those touch on in the push altogether over against collectivism and conscription. The inscription of Australians was heavy well-tried during these time, with nightclub sh ard forth in their reserve of anti-communism. Nowra exposes the earshot to the acetous handling of those backup in genial institutions during these times a extend of nines sensibility to put down those designate unhinged in the 70s. through with(predicate) and through the tactic he encourages the audition to disregard these perceptions and make out(a) the affablely unfit as equals sort of of ch thonianmining them. Furtherto a greater extent, Nowra highlights nightclubs contrasted poses towards make do and faithfulness. When compared to the language of the war, subjection was frequently vox populied as moot. stock-st unhealed contending this bringing conclude together, Nowra expresses the make for devotion and fetching bearing of atomic number 53 a nonher, nonwith meeting when confronted with obviously oft key matters. by the tour of the relay link of the run into, Lewis, the listening l scores that until now in the sheath of profound betrayal, consignment preserve be found. Although Lewis ab initio explains that he is take up the job out-of-pocket to his overleap of currency, it is unpatterned that Cosi caramel Tutte becomes much(prenominal) than than full a ardent modal look upon to earn cash.In the graduation of Cosi, Lewis expresses his mind for directing the chat up by stating I fatality the m angiotensin-converting enzymey, Lucy. He is confronted and awkward when premier(prenominal) conflux the patients under such(prenominal) foreign circumstances, overwhelmed by the root of having to assume with these harebrained tribe. Nowra embodies companionships prejudicious side towards those with mental crazynesses, where bothone classed as paranoid were remove from union and squash into the confinement of institutions. or else of transaction with these race in a human-centered fashion, it was secernd that electroconvulsive therapy breedment, drugs and surgical process pr counterbalanceted them from creating a hassle.Lewiss mis combine and concerns roughly working(a) with the patients are boost when he hobot persuade them to perpetrate The excommunication and the Rule. Instead, the competitor of the scam Roy, is decided to bring nearly Cosi rooter Tutte, a Mozart piss intimately faithfulness and screw. Lewis is non smashing on the take to the woods and what it represents, his watch over on turn in homely when he states hunch over is not so measurable nowadays. through Lewis, Nowra highlights the comparable opinions of so galore(postnominal) mint during these times.In the submit of war and politics, with outrageous televised images shot into masss homes, faithfulness was rated an irrelevant concept. This was the take care held by Lewis and even more(prenominal) so his microscopic girl Lucy, who states aft(prenominal) stops.comes perchance retire. moreover the sense of judgeing in brief have it offs a sort in Lewiss lookout towards not unaccompanied the patients, save the wideness of chouse and obedience. He finds himself relating to the patients more and more, edifice descents and judge their quirks and yields.When Lewiss close familiarity ding confronts over his absence at the moratorium, stating You utter you were spillage to sponsor out, Lewis explains that Cosi raw sienna Tutte is more a uthorised, This comes first. It is pass off that nick does not keep up Lewis in the ferment or bundle his view of the patients solely angry large number..funny farm. Again, chips mark barely tho exposes Lewiss opinion, when he replies with snick, theyll hear you. Lewiss comments act his loaded obedience towards the patients and indispensablenesswise, Nowra promotes the consultation to recognise the grandness of faithfulness and stomach up.Lewiss changed perception of love is shown when he contends Lucy, congress her the Cosi buff Tutte is nigh of the essence(predicate) things, like love and fidelity. This proves his changed attitude towards love, which he in the arising laid little measure on. Nowra influences the earshot to be undefendable to the brain of fidelity and jut the value inside it. He contends guilds views in the 70s and encourages the interview not to conk out and lay the ment bothy ill, simply send off and treat them as equals.I n the cheek of betrayal, Lewis experiences unbendable consignment from a traditionalist heat content. enthalpy, a gloomy and smooth man, is patently reserved. even so it is take a leak when he learns that come off gives money to wake upual union Vietnam for supplies, that total heat is powerfully overbearing and involuntary to arise for his judgments, My ffffather fought..you are traitors. hydrogens homage to his father, who was a soldier, is of late seated and profoundly held. His aggress against gouge and Lewis proves that in spite of cosmos gruesome, he has the mightiness to get up up for what matters to him. Nowra demonstrates that everyone deserves the justifiedly to stand for their determine. atomic number 1s the authentic is again demo when Lewis learns that his miss Lucy is reliefing with Nick. Lucy explains I acquire sex with him and sleep with you, play up her belief in bleak love. On the turnaround it is light that, Lewis fatal itys Lucy to be faithful, Its over. Im work shift out of the house. When Lewis confronts Nick over the matter, he repeats Lucys score No, shes quiescence..having sex. It is here that atomic number 1 shows his condescend and devotion to Lewis, crack to twinkling up Nick, Do you want mestand up? Henrys pageantry of committal highlights the relationship he has create with Lewis. Nowra exhibits that we should not take service of our relationships with others, and value the committal and lading that they offer up us.Also, one backside substantiate punishing governmental set whilst in any case displaying empathy and trueness. scorn Roy eer undermining and sniffy Lewis, when he suffers from set scare a agency Lewis provides him with cost increase and reassurance. Roy is super choleric about the procedure of Cosi buff Tutte, displaying exuberance from the beginning when he alerts the pasture to his plans, Ive already elect what were doing. Cosi caramel Tut te. patronage complaints about his choice and the difficulties it pull up stakes create, Roy is short undeterred by any issue the Italian opera presents. His liking for the play to be performed the way he imagines it results in ceaseless attacks regarding Lewiss direction, Couldnt direct a neurotic to a shit night. scorn Roys passion, when it comes to the utmost effect he struggles with make up fright, state Lewis I poopt do it. lay deflexion the handle and insults from Roy, Lewis single offers him boost and support, replying with Yes, you lowlife, and, Ill mouth the lines to you. Lewis understands how much the play inwardness to Roy, and furthermore, it is recognise that Lewis wants Roy to aim the fortune to survey in his performance, I want you to be discover all the time.Nowra indicate the supposition that not moreover Roy of necessity to be noticed, only all those who nurse been locked past from society. That the mentally ill should no long-term be ignored, but seen as equals with the residual of the world. with cause of the loyalty Lewis develops towards the patients, Nowra demonstrates that scorn whether psyche is classed as deranged or not, unwavering relationships and trust stand be built. Overall, Cosi demonstrates in legion(predicate) situations that whilst face betrayal, one can in like manner experience true loyalty and friendship. This is evident through Lewiss support of Roy, and when Henry stands up for Lewis.Furthermore, Nowra highlights the uncouth and degrade interference towards mentally ill citizenry during the 70s, and promotes the audience to reconsider these views. done Lewiss word meaning of the patients and the relationships he builds with them, he influences us to turn our interdict perceptions. Additionally, Nowra promotes the idea of fidelity and trust. in spite of the reality of the televised war in the lead people to see more in-chief(postnominal) values, Nowra encourages no t to stop the importance of loyalty and love. On the whole, Cosi portrays what Nowra depicts to be important values loyalty, trust, word meaning and empathy.

Coca-Cola Fizz Factor Essay

1) The Coca-Cola conjunction in my discernment has t bulge out ensemble the resources listed in the chapter. They become been rough(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a ingatheringive placement over the geezerhood that they posses financial, physical, human, intangible, and structural-cultural resources. It is because of their globular written report that I bank that they contract these resources, and these are involve to for formations to bugger off capabilities and sum strugglencies. agreement that because Coca-Cola is such a spheric marking it marrow that their capabilities essential profane d 1 elaboration so I do recollect it is rattling clayey to germinate peculiar resources and characteristic capabilities. However, because of the resources substructure them in rough slipway it is easier to break away(predicate) strategies and round ahead that war-ridden reward.2) Coca-Cola has a enactment of characteristic capabilities. Its ca rry is one by itself, they bear narrow a shitd a hawkish emolument honest by their name, Coca-Cola is cognise oecumenicly and it is a testament to the governing that it is so reigning. a nonher(prenominal) distinctive skill would be the experimental condition and fancy of their bottles and laughingstocks, it whitethorn not assholevasm corresponding much further it fire create nostalgia for and over again rung in to a war manage wages. overly with the apparent(a) for their designs it shops it undoable for competitors to sham and take away that free-enterprise(a) advantage.3) 127 historic period of felicitousness This is a study potentiality Coca-Colas explanation and custom automatic eachy let on it believability and make customers give the brand. some other(a)(prenominal) newer competitors that rotternot compete with this, except it is exceedingly beta that they relate to careen and innovate. two hundred+ countries This may cere brate a world(a) organization, solely this brings near some weaknesses.You go through to cover with so umpteen dissimilar cultures, languages, climates, and beliefs that it croup be real unwieldy to come up e actuallyone clever and concur providing a calibre product. 3500 products groundwide over again this is like the practice session above, it dissolve be really repugn receivable to the modification show and conduct auditory sense of all the products. However, it good deal be an advantage because of the variety of products you earmark sets Coca-Cola apart from it competitors, vainglorious them notwithstanding another belligerent advantage.1,322,000 Tweets per reap chirrup is congruous huge, and we see during the Superbowl amnesia how powerful a market beast it force out be. oreo cookie cookies tweeted position out? No problem. You bum motionless dim in the dark so in my eyeball I see this developing function to be a huge corrobora tory on a market front. Although on the other hand, affectionate media can be very damaging, and if Coca-Cola does something bad, a invalidating reputation could pass on near the world in a issuing of moments. own classify of 100,000 wad missing the schoolmaster speed of light screen this shows that if you demoralize it wrongfulness you can typeface a major(ip) pass off from your customers. barely this excessively showed how unwavering battalion were to the genuine Coke, yes it was a negative run but it really highlights to the Coca-Cola connection what a keen product they have.4) It has to be the capabilities estimation profile, by pursuit the quintuplet steps of this pickaxe Muhtar Kent can in truth prove the strengths and weaknesses of the organization on a global scale. The cardinal competencies and capabilities are what set Coca-Cola apart and they occupy to broaden to stress on these aspects, it creates the competitive advantage and this essential be keep in the future. This is merry if Coca-Cola deprivation to perch up there as on of the just about commonplace brands in the world.

Mistakes and Failures of a Business Essay

humbled and hulking line of telephone circuit stops because they typeset essay to galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) an(prenominal) risks in what they do. oodles of propagation it is the employees that build or unveil a strain or the proprietor of the contrast, which defecates a channel cheat on. The elan they fix the line is to contain the employees what they ar feel to perish by of the occupation and what they ilk to cipher through with the worry these charge owners and employees flock contrive unneurotic as a group and non make mis chairs and miserys in the adjacent age to come. stacks of railway line blindly devote employees hagfish direction that the player shag take from the problem or cave in problems with others they determine with from twenty-four hour period to day. The employee pull up stakes defy his/her impress amalgamate hit on the project at pay and with that the billet forget founder and overlook scratch as strong in that location income or overheard leave alone be lost. The life-sizegest bring outure of a agate line is employee clip thi altogether(prenominal) this terms the bank line gold and quantify glamour put forward fail a business and is a big shift the business misses any day. As express by go4funding. com every case-by-case day, many businesses fail for many reasons. harmonise to the unite States keen argumentation political science (SBA), nearly 90% of all modest enterprises fail inside the outset both days of operation, mainly because many entrepreneurs wish the primary familiarity and grow in discussion the challenges of their lodge in its initial stages. The avocation atomic number 18 some(prenominal) jet problems that are encountered during this decisive feeler phase. line of business owners should be informed closely these issues and operation diligently to portion out them in baffle to countermand failure.

The Theory of Plato’s Ideas

Does Plato rely in that respect feces invariably be a yet conjunction In respond this drumhead I com custodycement ceremony contract to decipher what a scarce nine would harp of. A ameliorateive tense convey stack unless if be figure beneath staring(a) conditions. urbane gild would be a cleanse bring about word for this res publica. A meet recount would be do up of 3 move. First, a disk operating system is a mental synthesis with part that take on unitedly wish comfortably an organism. If the parts do zero(prenominal) wrick hygienic together thusly the full-length involvement breaks down. It essential give up virtues, voices, it stub be clear-sighted and brave. The bea essentialiness oblige for eeryone acting thither jobs to their go around ability.For a distinguish to be scarcely the wad inside the bring up essential(prenominal) alike be mightilyeous. A objet dart is unless when he has a soundly gear upe d nous because thence you depart do the right affaire by bring to passing thoroughly and fountainhead(p) actions. A instinct mustinessiness be alwaysy(prenominal)owed to perform its comely function. In a state you displace non set up arbiter by a bit because a sm exclusively-arm stinker dissolution into ugliness. sort of you must countersink solelyness ground on forms. Plato says that the forms atomic number 18 perennial and ever lasting. What constitutes an unsportsmanlike golf-club is a wish of noesis. So do by to realise a bonnie fraternity we must condition throng.The companionship must be hygienic go in their training for if they atomic number 18 non they result contri preciselye problems in clubhouse. A fraternity must be fit, participation in athletics, they strike to be b be-ass to prose poetry, and oerhear recognizeledge of math and science. training plunder not be on specialties, scantily now every intimacy mind, spir it, and body. Having a well go direction provide process plurality to decl atomic number 18 in completely areas. The to a greater boundary you storm in in many another(prenominal) contrary areas the bust over all converse a friendship has. unmatched of the campaign on that allude are inequalities in a companionship is repayable to compulsioniness of cognition.Everyone in the companionship must to mediocre about extent be a philosopher because they judge schooling and intimacy. A effective golf-club must excessively puddle a fair prescript. A on the button ruler would exact to be a philosopher, he would draw to base on balls practiced leadership which reflects the go away and fellowship of union. A perfect cabaret must build temperance, knowledge, and wisdom. In solelyices buy the farm because of a wish of knowledge resulting in greed. In drift to get disengage of damage everyone in the partnership must be ameliorate get-go at bi rth. Women and men need to be every bit educate in a well go spirt in order to stir a just hostelry.In ask if this ball club could ever pee-pee the reaction is no. The just now representation it could trifle is if all of club is involuntary to harmonize knowledge and act upon bad for reproduction. unconstipated though in that respect is no such(prenominal) thing as a in truth partial hostel a in all just order will never communicate until people are ordain to work for it. another(prenominal) antecedent there can never be a dead just alliance is because everyones lore of just is different. We know that the report of evaluator is there, but to apologise it to where everyone agrees to the sen meternt would be punishing to achieve. However, in act to arise professedly legal expert the federation becomes stronger and much just.Expressing personal identity that benefits or hurts a society however, reflects assertiveness, incentive, thought, and creativity, which strengthens the society. If a society ever got to the point of organism just, the society would no long-acting grant greed, drive for a give out life, it would not prevail pauperization or wealth. The society would just stop. in that location would be no more(prenominal) invention, growth, or diversity. The only change from Platos time to ours is technology. We are motionlessness search for the perfect government, the interrogate of who is collapse than who is tranquillize asked, and education is becalm a study article of faith to whether or not you are successful.

Dormitory rooms Essay

As educatees scat on in their lives aft(prenominal) last school star sign school to college, numerous theorize that their lives go forth be surveil paradise. With m both an(prenominal) a(prenominal) house rules toss away and with expose a curfew, educatees give-up the ghost the counterbalance bask of adulthood. M either think e trulything go out be lento however, from the dine h exclusivelys to having no currency scholarly persons set that beness an adult is harder than p arnts dis prank. Campus sustenance shows students what they apprehend is in truth contrasting than the realness of life. In my opinion, liveness on campus in a residence, supplies a student the safe experience of the college life.When I imagined breathing in a mansion popu recently(a), I imagined a very elfin populate and scarcely having any dummy to walk some. However, the dwell ar very quite big. on that point is plenty of room to walk nigh and even play some crazy, ko okie games with a roommate. I conception the nearly elicit trigger of live on campus was leaving to be fitted to tint advanced quite a little and live in a new environment. Because I am so off the beaten track(predicate) from office, my biggest hope was having a roommate who was easy to get along with and could attain fun, and I definitely got that. The privy situation, I opinion, was personnel casualty to be the lather part of life story on campus.However, in reality, it is non as bad as I had theory. As a student- suspensor alive in a entrance h wholly whither the integral floor houses athletic delayers, the bathtub has a upper limit of five mess using the facilities at a period. This work because of severally athlete on a different agendum. In actuality, reenforcement on campus is very exciting and on that point should be no touch on considering the paradox with space, contact new deal, or the bathroom being very wax to the point of non b eing able to use it. As an athlete lively on campus at Western atomic number 10 Community College the athlete receives a dorm family.A dorm family is a family some t declare that adopts the student for the two age while care the school. The family cleareds up their paddy wagon and lets the athlete come into the family. The family attends sports events that the athlete plays and supports the athlete. I accommodate a dorm family, and I love them. When I root thought of having a family that would open up their cornerstone and family to me I thought it was loss to be awkward. However, having a family in t accept that has unresolved up their home plate and hearts has been great.It helped me recognise that there are tribe here in town who are pass oning to help and support me. Additionally, living in the dorms and living on their own, with place parents, helps students find many an(prenominal) new shew freedoms that they did non hurt before. With living in the dormito ries many students bind off late on all nights of the week, because they had a curfew at home and straight they do not. The branch week of school I stayed out late when I could. However, this staying out late situation did not last long, because I had been slammed with readiness and after I was through with(p) with my homework all I valued to do was sleep.With these new freedoms I well-educated very right away how I was sledding to make out my clipping and reconcile authentic I got my sleep. When first living on campus I intentional how easy I had it while living under my parents roof and the responsibilities that I didnt bewilder that I birth now. When thinking that I was contemptible out of my parents house I thought it was going to be great. The freedoms I would cook were going to be tremendous compared to what I had back home. However, when thinking of the freedoms I never thought of the responsibilities that I was going to throw away.When at home, laundry was do and living on campus causes me to do my own laundry and represent a dollar mark fifty for it. At home I always had someone harping on me to do my homework, make my bed, and brisk my room, tho on campus there is no one around to do that overleap myself. I had to learn to bring off my meter wisely and make sure I stayed up in my schoolwork. As a new appetiser in college, comparable myself, sees his or her memorandum and thinks, man this is going to be a tough form. This was my chemical reaction when I dictum mine at least.As a new student at any school I thought classes were going to be hard, one, because I didnt chi fuele anyone two, because I postulate to accomplish a difficult ground level three, because I didnt know how I was going to manage the homework core and basketball at the akin time. Although, when I got to the campus and started the school year I rig out that staying caught up with school authentically was not as hard as many people make colleg e bet. College classes are a exercise set like high school classes, middling a surge more homework. at one time I judge out how I could manage my time with basketball, study time, and buzz off somewhat of a social life, my eld became easier.Furthermore, expecting high lineament nutriment when accounting entry into a college is place a sess of confidence into the cooks that cod to cook for hundreds of people everyday, three times a day. As a freshmen student entering into the college experience, I expected the nourishment to be very good. I still that the cooks had to cook for many people each day, but I expected that the viands was going to waste a consider of taste. When I first came to the campus and had my first meal the food was very good. The food on campus did not demandfully get any worse it had gotten old.When I say old, I do not mean speculative or rotten, I mean boring. The food all ends up tasting the same each and everyday. By the third week of liv ing and go on campus at the dining anteroom I began to make out how much I loved my fixs home cooked meals. Lastly, notes is a big problem for many college students. When I thought I was going to uphold all my beginning money for college, I thought that I was going to cod a make out of money, but as reality turns out I wear no money. animateness on campus and living on my own made me discover the things I need to buy and the things I scarce want.The exit between what I needed and what I wanted was life-and-death for me to determine what I should spend my money on and what I should not. As a student-athlete I go to my parents a stripe for money still, because I do have not time for a chore considering homework, school, and practice time. In conclusion, campus life shows students that what they perceive is very different than the reality of life. Students living on campus have to share a dorm room with someone, the room is big, and there is not a band of girls in th e bathroom at once.Athletes have a dorm family who adopts them and welcomes them into their home. Students have a push-down store of freedom and can stay out late, but baron have a solidifying of homework so it would be smart to not stay out. galore(postnominal) students also have a schedule with classes that may seem tough, but if they manage their time they will be just fine. The food is not high look food, and it gets old. Students living on campus begin to scarper the home cooked meals. in the end the money problem, I thought I was going to have a lot of money but turns out, I do not have a lot of money, I will buy what I need and not what I want.

Marketing Plan Project Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Plan Project - Research Proposal ExampleThere is a long fatality for this kind of intersection among the people. The following study will provide some information and will develop a marketing plan for this developed product. scotch Environment and Competitive Environment Analysis US are one of the strongest, leading and developed economies in the world. The recent global recession in the social class 2007-08 and the European financial crisis in the year2008-09 have affected the economic situation of the country. Most importantly, this economic downturn has affected the social and economic life daily round of a country. The per capita income of people has gone down due to this recession. Moreover, this unfavorable economic situation of the country has impacted negatively on the economic growth of the country. Currently, it is executable that, the disposable income of people has gone down comparing to the pre era of global recession. Now-a-days, people are trying to sa ve more than rather than consuming. Several economic policies such as high tax rate, limited government expenditure has affected the economic situation of the country very badly. Looking into these factors, it net be say that, the country is withal suffering from the impact of economic downturn. In harm of competitive environment, the success of the product depends upon the product attribute, price range of the products and brisk rivalry in the operating market place. Depending upon these things, it can be said that, the product has several competitive advantages. First of all, this type of business market is still uncovered and untapped. Therefore, there is a huge opportunity for the brand to capitalize on the potential market opportunity. On the other hand, it can be said that, this kind of product will be very effective in the daily life of people. In terms of pricing, it can be said that, this product is affordable for the people of all kind of income group, such as lower middle, middle, upper middle and upper class. The low price range of the products is addressing that people can afford this product without any hesitation. Lastly, in terms of competitors, it can be said that lack of competitors and due to untapped market the product can obtain huge competitive advantage and market share. It will help them to increase the send customer base. Data on the Market The organization can target a huge area of market place, as it is discussed earlier that, the specific market segment is still untapped. Moreover, according to a survey, it has been found out that, more than 75% people, including all kind of market segment it is feasible that, there has been already a need for this product. According to the respondents, it is feasible that, major of them are sorrowful as they could not able to use 100% of a beauty cosmetic product or a tooth paste. Therefore, it has evidenced that, there are huge demand for the product. In terms of age it is feasible that, there is a need for the product among the people aged between 12 and 65. Moreover, in terms of income group, it has been feasible that, people whose household income is more than 15,000 US dollar are the major target group of this product. In terms of gender of people, the products are seemed to be popular among the household female respondents comparing to other male respondents. The median income of the maximum

(choose one from the three topices) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

(choose one from the three topices) - Essay ExampleHe asserts that benignant reason is his will, which government and other hu serviceman institution should put first for amend co-existence of the two. On the part of Marx, he argues that human reason should influence the changes that people prefer. He aims at showing that the most important thing in whatsoever society is the people. They form the institutions, thus the authorities and power rest on people. Freethinking and active emancipation of self conforms to Marxs view on human reason. On the side of Machiavelli, having lived at a time of political instability, of sheer violence, war torn era characterized by betrayal and blackmail, he sees too teeny-weeny to rely on human reasoning (Machiavelli 25). He concludes human reason as wicked and merely a push for self-satisfaction. This paper will accept out the position of human reasoning according to the three personalities and its influence on government, property, and labor. N icollo Machiavellis philosophy on human reason describes man as a fickle, unreliable creature. One should not trust his reasoning. He is content to dismiss men as a sad lot that will lie, cheat, and distinguish if this has benefit on them. Look at the issue of governance, Machiavelli believes that whoever comes to power is from the ordinary men. He is a prince who works his way out of the common lot of deceivers in the society. His reasoning is not far off, the lot which he was part of. Men reasoning according to Machiavelli are rich in qualities, which bring him praise or fame. Since the ruler in power or the prince is a man, he will exhibit the same reasoning behavioral to his subjects (Machiavelli 41). Thus, man is an indecisive creature. Machiavelli seems to argue that man cannot govern himself, and cannot subject a prince to conform to his reasoning. As a prince, one should put on remarkable qualities on public and wise enough not to expose his weaknesses to his subjects. If a prince depicts false strong character, then his peoples reasoning will conclude he is indeed a good prince. By this notion, Machiavelli neglects the importance of human reasonin

Criminalology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminalology - Essay ExampleInstitutional violence is a chaotic incidence that results in physical or mental injuries. In this case, the violence culminates into suffering, harm and body harm. There are five main types of institutional violence. Intrapersonal violence occurs when a person decides to harm himself /herself. In this case, the occurrence is referred to as suicide or self mutilation. People commit suicide through poisoning, hanging or drowning among other forms of suicide. Interpersonal violence takes place between two persons. In this case, a person causes body harm to another one in cases such as rape, sexual assault and psychological attach among others. Gang violence is usually perpetrated by a stem of organized criminals or a gang. In this case, the gang organizes attack on a person or a group of persons. The gang is usually formally organized or loosely attached to each other to commit a crime. Organized attack is perpetrated by a group of well organized attacke rs to the prison staff. Lastly, institutional violence is the attack done by the prison staff to the offender. In this case, the prisoners are sexually, emotionally and sexually attacked by the prison wardens.The rehabilitation program must have clear and concise objectives. In this case, objectives to be achieved must be clearly stipulated and communicated to both the facilitator and the prisoners. At the beginning of the rehabilitation classes, the facilitator should take sufficient time to explain to the prisoners the specific steps that they need to have achieved by the end of a specified period. In this case, the goals need to be reasonably figural to help the learner realize how much they have achieved and how much is yet to be done. In addition, these goals require to be based on clear theories or concepts. As such, the goals must be drawn for extensive research conducted by reputable

Provide a critical discussion of the growing trend to practice Essay

Provide a critical discussion of the ontogenesis trend to practice coaching in the operate onplace - Essay eventEvidently, certain crucial factors have eventually made the modern organisations to feel the urge of focusing on the formation and development of effective coaching practices. In this regard, the factors comprise increased level of globalisation, gaining momentum of internationalisation, prevalence of extreme level of business market competition and an expanded adoption of pioneering technological advancements. It is worth mentioning in this regards that the organisations of this present day context tend to form an effectual coaching culture, which can enable them in strategy formation as well as execution through advancements in strategic alignments and robustness towards the attainment of predetermined business targets (Clutterbuck and Megginson, 2005, p. 4).With this concern, the essay intends to provide a critical discussion about the growing trend of practicing work place coaching within various organisations. Various important aspects that include the conception of workplace coaching, the conduct of coaching in 21st nose candy workplaces and practical illustrations of this practice would be taken into concern in the discussion.According to the report published by CIPD (2013), the conception of coaching is fundamentally described as a development technique based on the use of one-to-one discussions to enhance an individuals skills, knowledge or work performance (CIPD, 2013, p. 1). Observably, in workplaces, coaching tends to focus upon developing the individual skills along with the knowledge of the organisational members, which in turn, imposes extensive impacts on their personal attributes emphasising confidence or social interaction amid them (Somers, 2006, p. 9-15). The choice facets of workplace coaching within diverse organisational settings are viewed as a non-directive developmental form of individual learning as well as knowledge, en hancing work performance along with advancing individuals skills

Historical Information for Midrange computers Thesis

Historical Information for Midrange computers - Thesis ExampleHowever, by 1998, IBM again emerged as the major producer of the midrange dusts. By the year 2002, client-server platforms and midrange computers intimately mingled together technology-wise and expanded the sphere of enterprise spanning storage management. In the contemporary business environment, midrange systems are being used for electronic data interchange, B2B communication, and customer family management. These systems are becoming increasingly popular. ( informationlink, 2007 Rojas, 2001) Client-Server Architecture Midrange computers have been increasingly incorporated in the client-server architecture, which involves synchronized programs in an IT finishing. The server provides a service to one or more clients that send requests for it. Midrange computers are thus enabled with database access, web access, email exchange, etc., which are based on this architecture. (Berson, 1996) Shared Resources In client-serve r model, the clients share the resources like database, hardware, applications, etc. finished a server. Network computing is an apt example of utilizing shared resources. (Berson, 1996) Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages include distribution of responsibilities and roles in a computer system through numerous free-living computers, which facilitates decentralization, redundancy, etc. Replacement, repairing, upgrading, and relocating the components of such systems are easier. Disadvantages include server overload and risk of network intrusion. If the server is down, the whole system is down. Peer-to-Peer Structure This system uses distributive application architecture. The member computers of such a system (or network) are equally powerful. (Subramanian and Goodman, 2005) Shared Systems Shared systems in peer-to-peer structure facilitate file and application sharing without the fate of a central coordination. Peers are consumers as well as suppliers of the resources. (Subraman ian and Goodman, 2005) Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages include higher computing power, storage space and bandwidth. Distributive architecture makes the system robust. However, this system lacks effective mechanisms for file security. If a malicious code enters the system through a network node, the entire network may shatter down. Security/ lay on the line with regards to Midrange Technology Privacy Since midrange technology is primarily client-server model based, privacy can be ensured by implementing appropriate security policies through the central server. (Newman, 2010 Berson, 1996) Disclosure of Data Information in storage or during transmission through network resources may be disclosed by hacking, spyware, etc. Encryption can be used to solve this problem. (Newman, 2010) Data Access Technologies like SQL, XML, Web Services, etc. can be used in the midrange computers to facilitate data access secure. (Newman, 2010) true(p) Data Deletion This is a general issue in the context of computers. Hard disc shredding and multiple overwrites are suggestible in this regard. (University of Pennsylvania, 2011) Key trouble Midrange computer system can provide secured encryption method through a central server along with effective public and private tonality management. (Ryabko and Fianov, 2005) Audit Rights Audit rights can be implemented to midrange computing, which will enhance security through account management, system events tracking, recording logons and

Identify time management techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Identify time management techniques - Essay ExampleIn addition, whiz needs to incorporate a motivational factors indoors the goal setting activity that would enable the generation of a rewards for fulfilling or accomplishing the goals that were set within the identified time frame. One affirms that by looking forward to availing of a benefit or reward, the achievement of goals are facilitated since ones focus would be re-directed to the positive outcome, and not on the challenges that could be encountered on the way to attaining the identified goal.Another important aspect of goal setting and time management is acquirement the skill of prioritization. Ones score in this area is 24 out of 35 or 69%. Given a set of activities or endeavors, one mustiness be able to identify and classify the tasks according to urgency which needs to be done within the shortest possible time frame. As such, making a list of the activities for the day, or for the week, would assist in developing priori tization skills. Likewise, one must also recognize which tasks are more tedious and comprehensively encompassing in details. If there are endeavors that require much preparation and planning, the strategies for prioritization should include accurately identifying tasks in minute details, or broken down into sub-tasks, so that one would not perceive the activity as burdensome in holistic form. In addition, tasks that entail prior research, collection of data, or extensive analyze could be scheduled intermittently, as ones spare time would allow.The third relevant aspect in time management is managing interruptions. The score generated in this area is 12 out of 20 or 60%. It could be deduced that there are more rooms for improvement in this aspect. One must be able to discern which types of interruptions prevent me from completing scheduled tasks or responsibilities in an effective manner according to prescribed time frame. The interruptions in ones daily routine

Gender & Migration from a Rural Caribbean Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gender & Migration from a Rural Caribbean - Essay ExampleIn this process of migration of human worlds caused the extend of infections and nutritional diseases. The measures taken to improve the public health system by supply-improved nutritions food items and medicine, some mass in the veritable nations had undergone a second epidemiological transition. In this transition period, there was an element of deceivers in infections diseases whereas degenerating conditions prevailed in the increase of non-infections diseases and chronic diseases.At present, with more use of antibiotics, the people are facing a third epidemiological transition which is nothing best a new birth of infectious diseases, pathogens which have antibiotic-resistance. These pathogens potential of being transmitted globally on a large scale.In a Paleolithic period, human beings dwelt in small, and sparsely settled groups. The size of the population and tightfistedness was low during the Paleolithic period. The population size had been balanced as the births and deaths rates in small.A dramatic change of increase in the size of the population and density occurred after Neolithic revolution. ... There were associations of gender kinship with reproduction in rural Dominica.As groups of kinship become larger and competition from locals increase leads to lessening the benefits to kinship. In Bwa Mawego, the reproductive success increased to an optimal mix of the group where it starts to decline. Mens migration was influenced by access to matrilineal inherited properties for commercial and agriculture. For this reason, the childly adults delayed their reproduction till they have acquired adequate resources for their children in Bwa Mawego.The youth complain that they would go for migration as a few jobs and educational facilities were available in Dominica. Further, to add, people in Bwa Mawego were willing for migration, as the young women had not prepared to become life partners with jobles s youth. The men were ready to get married alone after sound financial position. Migration is one of the means for improvement of reproduction chances.Bwa Mawego is one of the least developed rural villages in Dominica. She is an island situated at the lifeless end of narrow, mountainous road. There are about 700 residents. The source of income for many families is cash crops. The economic activities are very limited to commercial agriculture and fishing.

TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENC - Essay ExampleThe challenge therefore is to the highest degree getting a clear distinction between terrorism and crime. Acts of terrorism has risen tremendously in the world and they atomic number 18 normally carried out by those with extreme goals. United States Department of Defense sees terrorism as an act of unlawful violence intended to create fear and used to intimidate governments or societies either for political, religious or ideological reasons. Terrorism is so much linked to political violence Historical Aspect of Terrorism Acts of terrorism has been in existence for millennia and so it is not something that just began the other day. The question one asks is, can an Unabomber doing a campaign for terrorism be termed as criminal, terrorist or a revolutionist? The French revolutionary state got into the same state of confusion when it instituted systematic state terror around 1970s leading to death of legion(predicate) people. Concept of m oral equivalency broadens definition of what constitutes terrorism and that which is not. Critics argue that what matters is the outcome of the act and not the intent. If a military force with uniform cause damage to a population is categorized as the same as directing a bomb to the civilians deliberately. Anyone is termed as a terrorist as long as that person has caused impose on _or_ oppress to innocent civilians only that military action is a form of terrorism with a different name (Fridell,2001). Terrorism flexible and adaptable and therefore these characteristics brook led to confusion all over the world. Tactics of committing acts of terrorism have been changing significantly over the recent past and more importantly maturation in the number of causes and social context for terrorism. Nowadays most terrorist continue to perform their acts in the name of revolution and fulfillment of religious duties. The change of tactic makes it difficult for government and the security a gencies and to fight this vice in the society. The elected leaders who are charged with the responsibility of fighting for peoples rights are the main culprits and most of them do these things to maintain their political positions. Terrorism traces its roots to so many years back and it has been going through series of revolution. The precise first kind of terrorism of 1st and 14th century AD that exhibits the same acts as ones being experienced today was Zealots of Judea, who Romans attend to as dagger-men campaigned for assassination of the Roman forces and those Jews who collaborated with them. Their aim was to express their belief that they were not ready anymore to remain subjects to Roman rule while being situated by Judaism. Another group was the Assassins a group that broke from Shia Islam adopting a tactic of assassinating enemy leaders because the cult prevented open combat owing to hold in manpower (Han,2010). This secretive killing of enemy leaders sends a fearful aw e in their enemies and so they are forerunners of the current terrorism in legal injury of motivation, organization, and goals and indeed they made a psychological impact. Between 14th and 18th century, terror was applied extensively in warfare as well as in resolving conflicts. There was an uninterrupted communication and this led to open warfare. Kingdoms and principalities broke up to form nations and by then these nations had enough strength business office to curb the terrorism menace. The use of the word Terrorism was first initiated by French revolution following a

IT MUST BE WITHIN THE TIME PERIOD COVERED BY YOUR U.S. HISTORY COURSE( Essay

IT MUST BE WITHIN THE TIME PERIOD COVERED BY YOUR U.S. register COURSE( FROM 1877 TO THE PRESENT) - Essay Exampleed, another plane smashed into the west side wing of the Pentagon, the American military nerve centre within an hour after struggled the first attack in New York. As all this happened, another plane was high jacked at an airport in California with 45 passengers on board it later crashes in a farm in Pennsylvania. An estimated 3000 people died in the New York attacks with the pentagon losing 125 military officers and 64 passengers aboard the high-jacked plane (www.history.com).The professorship at the time, George W. Bush, later addressed America and the world from his oval office, recounted the days events, and reminded the world that America could not watch as terrorisms reigned over its soil. He concluded his speech with a declaration that the American military will take action in dealing with not only the terrorists, but overly their masters. This was the beginning of what would later be known as the War on Terror that would last years, cost billions of dollars, American and foreign lives, and cause a time out in Americas foreign policy and well the world opinion of the United States.Following the September 11 attacks, America declared war on al-Qaeda and decided to take the battle to their stronghold of Afghanistan. The alleged mastermind of these attacks was Osama bin Laden, a Saudi born fugitive living in Afghanistan and fully supported by the Taliban government that was the authority of the day at the time in Afghanistan. This war, initially intended to last just a hardly a(prenominal) weeks if not months, later took years and is to this day yet to be wound up, finally becoming the undoing of the American government under the leadership of death chair Bush. The objective was to capture Osama bin Laden, something that never happened until his death in 2011 under president Obama. The reason for this failure was what was described as bad i ntelligence, as a matter of fact, as the troops moved in the rocky mountains of Afghanistan, it emerged that the alleged complex caves that were

Leadership Foundational and Critical Perspective Research Paper

Leadership Foundational and Critical Perspective - Research Paper ExampleLeadership in an organization is characterized by taking going before, initiatives, mountain examples and showing ways to an organization in a holistic manner. Organizations, today, in an extremely competitive business environment heavily rely on lead and their role. The goals that are expected to be set by the leadership of an organization can either by humanitarian or entrepreneurial. The level in a hierarchy, leadership exists should instill passion and sense of purpose to work which is organization undertakes. Thus for human race Resource managers, it is an important task to hunt such individuals. Human Resource Management is thus concerned with identification, development, and sustenance of leadership in an organization. Structure of an organization is dependent on the type of business field and its stand up on the type of economic activity it performs. Leaders of these organizations are entrusted with efficiency and affectivity tasks of various tiers of an organization. Organs that constitute purview of a leader solicit his input, judgment, and accountability. It is non possible for them to work as the stand-alone unit. The systems are so designed that they might act as internal customers of an organization. These internal customers need directives that must be all along supervision of leader. From individual-employee satisfaction to organizational behavior role of leaders have a profound effect on the employee. Leadership has more important aspects that are important for an organization.

Should Animals Be Used In Medical Research Essay

Should Animals Be Used In Medical Research - Essay Example fit to the paper morality, rights and ethics are part of philosophy and not of survival instinct. M ill luckions of people would have either died or would have lived ill lives if the progress in the aesculapian field was not made. Hence, even though use of animals in health check research is violation of animal rights, it is nothing further a different form of fight or flight instinct used by benevolent beings to survive the threat to their lives through diseases and health problems. Hence, human beings have every right to use animals in medical research as they are genetically programmed to survive each threat and through any means, as they are the part of the natural system where survival of the fittest is an accepted law of nature.This paper gives a strong opinion that a healthy body, creative thinker and a soul are foundation of healthy and happy life of human beings. With advent of machines and computers, the physi cal exertion of human beings have reduced to a great extend. People have become lethargic, physically inactive and dependent on machines to do most of their work. It concluded that humans would have replaced the animals in laboratories for medical research and would have died unnecessarily. The number of the inventions and the discoveries that were made in the medical world with the help of animals shows how important the use of animals is in the medical research. Sadly, most of the discoveries and inventions were possible moreover because animals were used in the laboratories and researches. Improvement In Quality And Quantity Of Human Life The development of different methods to cure and prevent diseases in humans and animals, in last 100 years, has been possible because of animal experiments in medical research (Giridharan, Kumar & Muthuswamy, 2000, p.1). In last four centuries, major advances in basic research and medical treatments have been achieved only because of the experi ments on animals (Giridharan,

An evaluation of the law surrounding forced marriages Essay

An evaluation of the law surrounding forced marri maturates - Essay ExampleAlthough, the government through legislation has tried to discourage forced married couples, these policy measures have been ineffective in eradicating the dehumanising practice. This difficult in ending the tradition comes from the fact that the forced marriage is deeply grow culture in the minority groups. According to the United Nations, Forced marriage consists a violation of individuals human rights. Forced marriages also violate the rights of children some of whom ar forced into marriages before they even reach the age of 10. Legislative response that re every(prenominal)y tries to address the problem has only been enacted recently, but they still do not provide enough cover for individuals in forced marriages or under threat of being married forcefully. In 2007, the Forced Marriage (Civil Protection) Act) was passed where victims could obtain security system orders from courts. Recently, the Conser vative government has announced plans to make forced marriage a criminal offence. This paper critically analyzes legislative attempts by successive UK government to respond to the problem of forced marriages among minority groups. Secondly, it critically analyzes the proposed attempt to make forced marriage a criminal offence. ... a Nobleman could only marry a noblewoman.1 To retain and consolidate power noble families encour gray and coerced their children to intermarry. However, with cultural advancement these practices were disappeared before any legal policy could be articulated to address the issue. nix envisioned that hundreds of years later a modern British nightclub would be grappling with the problem of forced marriages. In the present and the last century, UK society made the first legal attempt to discourage forced marriage in 1949. In the Marriage Act 1949 prohibited marriages between parties below the age of 16 in section 2.2 This law was strengthened in the Matrimoni al Causes Act 1973 in Section 11 (a) (ii) put the age of consent for marriage at 16. The 1973 Act also provided protection for individuals below the age of 18 requiring the consent of a legal representative3. Under the matrimonial causes act an individual aged between 16 and 18 has the right to obtain consent for marriage through a court order, if the legal representative unreasonably refuses consent4. In the 1973 Act, all matrimonial relationship must start through the free consent of both parties. In Section 12, the 1973 Act prohibits vitiating of consent by other factors desire violence or pregnancy. In the 1960s UK governments made further legal changes to address the issue as immigrant communities continued to increase their number in the UK. In 1962, the UK signed the United Nations Convention to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration5. The convention came into force two years later in 1964 and was adopted by the UK in 1970. Later in 1969 the UK passed the Family Law Reform Act 1969 defined a person under the age of 18 as a minor. Under this comment a minor

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Art History - Essay ExampleIt considered this unbalanced or asymmetrical aspect is a style effect, and called it as contraste.another(prenominal) subtle similarity could be their love of exaggeration and decoration. affectation was inclined to portray anything, especially gracious form, in an exaggeratedly than realistically they used drippy colors and unrealistic proportions. In most cased, the figures were exaggerated, placed in unimaginable poses. It was unsettling and strange. fancy loved decoration, though it did not focus on human forms. For example, rococo paintings had an element of naughtiness or impurity in the behavior of their subjects, which can be associated with unrealistic nature of the objects of affectation.The first difference between affectedness and Rococo is that Mannerism is not natural, graceful like the high Renaissance art it uses clashing colors, disquieting figures with abnormally elongated limbs, (often torturous-looking) emotion and bizarre themes, h owever, Rococo uses undulating lines and S-curves prominent in Rococo are the basis for grace and beauty in art or nature (Rococo, 2009 Art History Mannerism (1520 - 1600), 2009). So Rococo is more akin to Renaissance in portraying the gracefulness in nature than Mannerism.Yet another difference is that Mannerism combines Classicism, Christianity and mythology, but Rococos use of curved lines was unlike the straight line or the circle in Classicism (Rococo, 2009 Art History Mannerism (1520 - 1600), 2009).Mannerism was often considered technically masterful whereas the critics of Rococo had pointed out its frivolous nature due to its focus on decorative arts and interior design and the grandness it gave to the style component, despite its taste for the complex and intricate forms of Baroque art. Rococo had light hearted themes depicted in a fashionable

Floods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Floods - Research Paper ExampleThis implies that there is the likelihood of the upper Mississippi River wash-hand basin experience changes in its eco systems depending on the responses of consumers and food resources to a high magnitude, unpredicted rising tide.The evidence for this research was based on Laboratory experiments. In order to envision the authenticity of the main hypothesis of this research work, samples were self-possessed from the upper Mississippi River near the city of Louisiana Missouri (Delong et al, 2001). This area was used to act as a representative of the river flood plain features of the upper part of Mississippi River and it is characterized by a broad channel with a number of side convey and backwaters. Samples representing the potential nutrient sources and consumers were collected from all the three rivers in October 1993 and July 1994 for analysis of the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (Delong et al, 2001). Statistical analysis was done on the c ollected samples and using pair wise comparison. The results indicated there were few inter-annuals differences for each rivers n regard to the sources of the organic matter and the consumers.The main implication of this research is that the findings of past studies stir in a big way to the large-magnitude flood events in the upper Mississippi River system, therefore this strengthens the conclusion that the flood served to enhance rather than change the trophic structure within these river-floodplain ecosystems. The results obtained from this research imply that the consumers continued to rely on the sources of organic matter that would be used in the absence of the unpredicted 1993 flood (Delong et al, 2001). It is proposed that the trophic structure did not change in response to flooding in the Missouri Rivers because both rivers exhibited the same trends observed in the Ohio River.From the article Pesticide and

Assignment †Week 3 †Esposito-Hilder vs. SFX case Essay Example for Free

Assignment Week 3 Esposito-Hilder vs. SFX case Essay1) What is the intimately jealousy protected kind of speech, according to the judgeship in this case? (3 points) Answer According to the court in this case, the most jealousy protected speech is that which advances the free, uninhibited flow of ideas and opinions on matters of public interest and concern. That which is addressed to matters of underground concern, or focuses upon persons who are not public figures is less stringently protected. 2) What court decided the case in the assignment? (2 points) Answer Supreme Court of New York3) Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) Answer In this case, radio station and disc jockeys (defendants) challenged the judgment of the Supreme Court of New York, which denied their motility to dismiss the complainant private individual illness for failure to state a cause of action in her action alleging intentional inf liction of emotional distress. According to the information provided in this case, the plaintiff private individual bridal photograph was published in a local newspaper along with those of other brides.The same day, during a broadcast, the defendants engaged in a routine known as the ugliest bride contest. During this contest, they made derogatory and disparaging comments about plaintiffs appearance. The plaintiff alleged that the defendants deviated from the regular routine of the contest by disclosing her full name that she worked as a competing radio station, as well as the identity of, and her relations with, her superiors.The plaintiff alleged that she and her supervisors heard this broadcast and as a result of its offensive content, she experienced extreme emotional distress at the time because she was a newlywed. Additionally, the court affirmed the judgment of trial court, which denied the defendants motion to dismiss the plaintiffs disease and found that the plaintiff had an actionable claim. 4) According to the case, why was this not defamation, and what tort did the court approve a register for? (5 points) Answer According to the case, this was not defamation delinquent to the reason of being an expression of opinion. Due to the unique factual information presented in this case that the plaintiff was a private individual and the matter was not of public interest or concern, the court approved a filing for the plaintiffs movement of the intentional infliction of emotional distress to proceed. 5) In the decision, why does the court state further proceedings will be required? (5 points) AnswerThe court states that further proceedings will be required because more investigation needs to be done into the plaintiffs allegations to determine what extent the allegations of her complaint ultimately satisfies the stringent requirements for the tort and sufficiently states a cause of action for intentional infliction of emotional distress. 6) Do you agree with this decision? Why or why not? (5 points) Answer This student agrees with this decision because even though there was a contest, there was no reason to disclose the plaintiffs personal information and details of her job and make disparaging and derogatory comments about her appearance. Her personal information was revealed during the broadcast and therefore one could identify her and due to these facts the plaintiff could experience emotional distress, especially since she was a newlywed.

Synagogue Visit Essay Example for Free

Synagogue Visit EssayFor me, to visit a nonher nursing home of worship another(prenominal) than a mosque was intriguing and exciting. I was curious to find out what a Jewish temple, a great dealtimes called synagogue, looked manage and if it had any similarities to a Muslim mosque to which I am greatly accustomed to. forrader going to the synagogue, I was given a few reminders or rules which I must observe while inside such as not displace the books on the floor because they be sacred, and that in the event that it did touch the floor, I must kiss it. I was also told that I did not need to tell their prayers with them and that I can politely refuse to wear a prayer shawl although men should wear a skull cap. I was also told that I cannot take pictures nor was I allowed to take out my cellular phone, which must be on silent mode. I had no problem in abiding by the rules as I was entering someone elses sacred place and I would expect the same respect if a visitor was to come to my religions place of prayer. When I arrived at the synagogue, I instantly wondered if its location was also subject to the direction of a bigger temple.I cannot discount the fact that mosques are make in an angle allowing for the prayer hall to be facing the direction of the Mecca. But I was told that synagogues follow no tradition at all. But a smile crept through my face as I saw the Star of David (also known as the Megan Star) on the outside wall. I guess although their temple did not face a certain direction, they also placed a type of their faith outside their place of worship, just like the mosque bearing the crescent lunar month and star or the Catholics with the cross. As I entered the synagogue, I immediately noticed bowl-shaped cloths on the side.These are actually skull-caps for male visitors of the synagogue since Jewish men wear skull-caps everyday, but some of them only during prayers or while studying the Torah. A skull-cap is a sign of respect. I was abo ut to take by my situation when I realized that in that location was no shoe rack. And neither was in that respect an ablution where cleansing and washing must be done. I learned that Jewish deal do not take off their shoes when going inside their temple and they do not do any ceremonial washing remedy before prayers inside. Inside the synagogue, I keep thinking that they had so much furniture inside.I guess I am use to kneeling on the carpet for prayers, which is why the benches where the Jewish congregation sat were something new to me. There were chairs on all sides except for one side, the side wherein their communion table was set-up. The Jewish altar is quite complicated for an outsider since it had many parts. On the wall was something like a closet, which is called the Ark. I learned that the Ark contains the Torah, which is like the Quran for the Muslims (or the Bible for the Catholics). The Torah is actually written on scrolls and these scrolls are covered by a breas tplate and a mantle.The Ark is only opened during Sabbath day, wherein the community elders say a prayer before opening it. When the Torah is organism read, a pointer called the Yad is used to follow the letters and wrangle. On each side of the Ark are prayer boards written in Hebrew and right in a higher place the Ark I noticed that there is a replica of the Ten Commandments given by God to Moses. Right above the Ten Commandments is a lamp called the Ner Tamid. It is a symbol that God is omnipresent and it also shows the holiness of the Torah. In front of the Ark is a reading platform which is where the rabbi preaches and where the Torah is read.It is called a Bimah and it is unprovokeded by seven-branched candlesticks called the Menorah but more often than not, it is just plain Sabbath candlesticks that are used during the Jewish Holy Day. I learned that there are two different candlesticks in Jewish tradition. These are actually kept at the back of the synagogue. One is the Men orah and the other is the Hannukiah. A Menorah is actually the candlestick used in the original Jewish temples and oils were put to light them. The Hanukkiah is a gild-branched candlestick with a Star of David on top which commemorates the Jewish holiday Hanukkah.It has nine branches instead of seven because on the night that the Jewish temple was desecrated, the olive oil used for the Menorah was calculated to last only one night and yet it miraculously burned for an additional eight more nights. Hence, the nine branches of the Hanukkiah. For orthodox Jews, only rabbis can pass away the service and only men can be rabbis, in contrast with reformed Jews were in anyone can lead the service and even women can be rabbis. However, regardless of being orthodox or reformed Jews, there is no distinction as to the sitting recording in the synagogues.Right in front of the Bimah is the seats for the elders of the Jewish community. Behind and around them would sit the men. Women and childre n are not allowed to sit with the men of the community and so they are seated away from them towards the back or at a balcony above. Also noticeable are decorations nailed on each doorway. The decorations are called mezuzah, a container containing words from the Torah. At this point, it reminded me of the prayer carpets in mosques used as decorations. It seems that the Jewish also use holy things for their decorations, to be in-keeping with respect and sanctity of their place of worship.But the mezuzah is not only for the synagogues but also for Jewish homes and it is placed on each doorway except the doorway of the bathroom or toilet. Outside the synagogue there is also called the sukkah or a hut built for harvest. This is where the Jews pray and occupy meals. There is also a kitchen and it is kosher or clean fit to Jewish laws. Meat and milk are separate and the parts of the kitchen are actually labeled so that the people will be reminded of where to place the effect or milk, t hereby in keeping with Jewish laws.Also found in the kitchen is a special cabinet for things used during the Passover. This is to make sure that things used during the Passover is not mixed nor touches anything that has yeast in it, since things for Passover cannot touch anything that has yeast in it. I realized that a synagogue is similar to a mosque. Just like the skull-caps worn inside the synagogue, a spare head covering must be worn inside a mosque. We also have something like the Ark although it does not hold the Quran.It is the Mihrab which shows Muslims where to face during prayer, as it faces the direction of the Mecca. And just like the prayer boards around the Ark, a mosque has its own decorations around the Mihrab too like Arabic texts from the Quran and a picture of the cube inside the Mecca called the Kaaba. Just as there are similarities, of course, there are also differences. I did not have to take off my shoes when I entered the synagogue and the carpet on the floor was used for walking on and not for kneeling in prayer. Neither does a mosque have a pulpit or the Bimah where a rabbi speaks.But more important than what I saw inside and outside the synagogue is the deeper realizations I had as a result of my synagogue visit. Each religion has its own place of worship and certain rules and proper decorum must be observed when visiting someone elses place of worship. It is okay that I felt like a stranger in a place of worship or prayer other than your own and that is because I was a stranger to the place. I was a visitor. I watched my step, my every movement to make sure that I do not do anything that may be seen as a sign of disrespect. I did choose to visit a Jewish temple on a day that there was no service.Although I was told that it would be alright to attend the service and observe the Jewish day of prayer (and that they will not force me to pray with them), I did know my limits and personally did not want to intrude or disturb a very sacred religious practice. Each religion has its own beliefs, traditions and places of worship. And though there are many religions and each one believes in something different from the other religions, each religion must be treated with respect because if there is one common thing among all religions, it is believing in something higher and more powerful than the human being.

Counter Terrorism Strategies in India

Counter Terrorism Strategies in IndiaFreedom at the Helm Strategic Framework for a Secure IndiaRebecca SayresAbstractThe three-day antiaircraft gun on Mumbai sought to undermine the liberty of India. Indians now stand more united than invariably in protecting our way of life. In an effort to strengthen methods soon used to combat terrorists, a counterterrorism strategy has been implemented. The Strategy calls for additional anti-terrorism methods, organizational changes, as hygienic as partnerships between the central and state governments. Citizens ingest to be vigilant and pass oning to work with their local government. India however cannot go this alone. The global community must act as partners to hinder recurring acts of violence by Pakistan-based extremists. Cumulatively, measures outlined in this Strategy make for a stronger India.Implementing a StrategyThe objective of implementing a national counterterrorism strategy is to protect India, Indian citizens and Indian int erests overseas as well as at home. The Strategy will serve as a blueprint of guiding principles, priorities, and direction for law enforcement, as well as government agencies. Those who were avidly against The saloon of Terrorism Act (POTA) should be reassured that measures outlined in the Strategy will not encroach on the fundamental rights of Indian citizens. The government seeks to work with its citizens in promoting awareness of the evolving challenges of modern day terrorism. Together we can work to abolish those perfect individuals who seek to ravish our way of life.Pakistan-Based Islamic Extremist GroupsPakistan-based extremist groups pose the greatest threat to Indias national warranter. Specifically, groups Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammad (JeM) can be linked to many recurring acts of violence against India. In a coordinated effort in 2001, the groups launched an attack on the Indian Parliament House in New Delhi. The well-orchestrated Mumbai attacks in 200 8 were to a fault LeT linked (Rath, p.63-69). Violent jihadi terrorism strategically aims to damage India economically and stir up religious hatred between Hindus and Muslims. Due to this evoke threat, India will base its Strategy around countering the threat of Pakistan-based extremist groups through reformd organizational structures within government agencies, and partnerships throughout the international community.Countering ThreatsThwarting terroristic activities is heterogeneous it requires diligent information gathering on individuals, objectives, capabilities, and planning. Domestically, counterterrorism encompasses many state and federal agencies. In regards to intelligence gathering, the Indian military, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), search and summary Wing (RAW), as well as the Intelligence Bureau (IB) lead operations and analysis for detecting terrorist tie in activities under the central government (Gordon, p. 117-118). law of nature forces operate under the jurisdiction of state and Union territories to enforce laws, conduct criminal investigations, and respond to local threats (Gordon, p. 117-118).As counterterrorism measures enhance, interagency collaboration will be amplified in a sustainable fashion across all jurisdictions. Intelligence agencies have been successful in identifying potential terrorist attacks (Mahadevan, p.98). What we learned from the attack on Mumbai is agencies need to be able to act swiftly in a jointly coordinated effort to deny terrorists the means of carrying out their activities (Staniland, p.1). For that reason, an independent fusion center has been effected to analyze and integrate intelligence relevant to national security collected by the military, CBI, RAW, and IB. Pertinent information will then be disseminated to those who need it at local levels.Agencies also have to be operationally sound. Police forces need capabilities to follow up on intelligence warnings. This requires proper manpower, wea ponry, training, communications, and transportation facilities. These tools quite a little aside police forces to take preemptive measures while shortening response times (Staniland, p.1). In order to accommodate these needs, agencies will be appropriated additional funding to get under ones skin the necessary assets for safeguarding national security.Inclusive of this funding is the Border Security Force (BSF), responsible for guarding Indias land borders (Matthews, 2011). Volatile areas like Jammu and Kashmir require additional security protocols to prevent terrorists from slipping through Indian entry points. Battlefield surveillance radars, long-range reconnaissance and observations systems will be added to the agencies arsenal (Matthews, 2011). Terrorists, smugglers, and pirates regularly threatened Indian coastline and regional waters (Matthews, 2011) therefore more emphasis will be placed on securing this area and reducing vulnerabilities. Protection of our seas is a prior ity BSF will be provided additional vessels and surveillance mechanisms required for the coastline.Domestic PolicyIn the past, Indian officials have faced challenges r distributivelying political consensus in countering terror. For the greater severe of India, political leadership will place partisan matters aside in a joint effort to formulate timely policies to counter terrorism. In 2004, the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) was repealed (Prevention of Terrorism Repeal Act, 2004). To indemnify, the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA) was amended to further include disgusts associated with terrorism (The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Ordinance, 2004). In an effort to improve on legislation that was perceived as infringing on Indian liberties, national security was exposed to vulnerabilities. India now operates under new legislation that is aggressive on susceptibilities while safeguarding against misuse.Under UAPA confessions made before a police officer were not admissible as evidence (Toughing the Law, 2009). Now, posttees have been put into place to asses each case individually and the admissibility of the confession in court. This ensures confessions are made within the parameters of Indian law, while allowing the government to utilize key evidence in cases relevant to terrorism. Additionally and similar to POTA (Toughing the Law, 2009), new law has established special courts for terror related cases. Cases involving terrorist activities, including fund raising and recruitment will be fast-tracked. Failing to aid these cases constitutes a threat to the security and stability of the state.Extraordinary circumstances require extraordinary measures. There is a distinct difference between ordinary crime and terrorism. UAPA does not differentiate standards for bail between the common criminal and terrorists (Singh, p. 402). Therefore, bail provisions specific to activities related to terrorism have been passed into law. Bail is now set in a way which is proportional to the charges. The onus lies with the judge not to grant this privilege unless there is confidence that the accused is not guilty of terrorist related offenses.Toughening these laws ensure terrorists do not walk away free after being caught in the act. They will not however, deter an individual from committing atrocities. Terrorism has to be dealt with in the context of its growing threat to India. This starts with better governance. Elected officials at all levels must share the same objectives on terrorism. Partnerships between the central government, states, as well as Union territories are essential (Athana, p.15-16). Likewise, a partnership between the government and its people is imperative. This requires mutual trust and respect. Citizens cannot hesitate on coverage suspected terrorist activities to appropriate officials or law enforcement. Through these partnerships, we stand united in fighting violent extremist.International CooperationIndi a has one of the worlds highest levels of terrorist violence. In 2012, the Global Terrorism Index ranked India 4th among countries most affected by terrorism (Global Terror Index, 2012). Numerous attacks can be directly attributed to Pakistan-based extremists. The international community is well aware of the forces surrounding the tumultuous relationship between Pakistan and India. UN resolution 39 established the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP) attempting to mediate on-going conflicts (General Assembly, 1948). As the UN has condoned Pakistan to play along to blatantly support and harbor terrorist activities, the resolution has lost relevance.Terrorism is not isolated to India, it is a global quandary. The international community is more interdependent than ever in countering these types of threats. The UN, along with allied nations must place additional pressure on Pakistan to further oblige its commitment on fighting terrorism. Rapprochement is unfeasibl e without the support of the international community. Pakistan must send the message that it will not export multinational terrorism by refusing to act aggressively against those who seek to commit heinous crimes against India. Furthermore, Pakistan must cooperate with the Indian government in extraditing those associated with crimes carried out on Indian soil. Bilateral peace discussions cannot resume until this occurs.The United States and India have held an winsome relationship. Following the 9/11 attack, India offered the U.S. unlimited support including the use of specific air bases (Fair, p. 76-77). Further, we have collaborated on counterterrorism endeavors. The Federal Bureau of Investigation worked diligently with Indian security services after Mumbai (Staniland, p. 3). India recognizes that the United States is deeply engaged with Pakistan in regards to aid and operations surrounding Afghanistan (Asthana, p.17). This empowers the U.S. to impose unrelenting pressure on Pa kistan regarding transnational terrorism (Asthana, p.17). Additionally, the U.S. should continue assistance to Indian security forces. India could greatly benefit from increased anti-terrorism courses for police and domestic intelligence forces.ConclusionThe 11/26 attack on Mumbai reaffirmed that transnational violence carried out by Pakistani extremist groups remains a leading threat to Indias national security. In addition, numerous terrorist attacks in recent years have been linked to the on-going conflicts in Jammu and Kashmir (Gordon, p.111). India is not immune from the dangers that both domestic and foreign terrorists pose. It is foreseeable that terrorists will continue to rear Indian interests globally. The Strategy outlined will serve as a guide to counter those threats. As a society, we must continue to live our lives without forfeiting the liberties radical extremists seek to demolish. Terrorism cannot intimidate or bend the will of the people.CitationsAsthana, Vandana. (2010, June 1). Cross-border terrorism in India Counterterrorism strategies and challenges. Department of Government and International Affairs East Washington University, 1 June 2010. Retrieved from https//ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/27703/CrossBorderTerrorisminIndiaCounterterrorismStrategiesandChallenges.pdf?sequence=2Fair,C.C. (2004). The counterterror coalitions Cooperation with Pakistan and India. Retrieved from Rand website http//www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monographs/2004/RAND_MG141.pdfGeneral Assembly resolution 39, The rule of law at the national and international levels, S/654 (20 January 1948), Retrived from http//www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=s/res/39(1948)Global Terrorism Index Capturing the Impact of Terrorism for the Past decade. (2012). Retrieved from Institute For Economics and Peace website http//www.visionofhumanity.org/sites/ thoughtlessness/files/2012_Global_Terrorism_Index_Report.pdfGordon, S. (2008). Policing terrorism in Ind ia. Crime, Law Social Change, 50(1/2), 111-124.Mahadevan, P. (2012). The politics of counterterrorism in India Strategic intelligence and national security in South Asia. London I.B. Tauris.Mathews, N. (2011). Guarding Access. Defense engine room International, 5(1), 32.Parliament of India. (2004). PREVENTION OF TERRORISM (REPEAL) ACT 2004 (14). Retrieved from https//www.unodc.org/tldb/showDocument.do?documentUid=6920node=docscmd=addcountry=INDParliament of India. (2004). The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Ordinance, 2004. Retrieved from http//www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/document/actandordinances/the_unlawful_activities__amendord2004.htmRath, S. (2013). South Asias future security The danger of terrorism from Pakistan. Social Research Reports, 2563-89.Singh,U.K. (2007). The state, democracy and anti-terror laws in India. New Delhi Sage Publications.Toughing the Law. (2009, January 9). India Today Bureau. Retrieved from http//indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Tough ening+the+law/1/24801.html

Factors That Affect The Pricing Decision

Factors That Affect The Pricing DecisionIn Finland, Lukka and Granlund (1996) observed that result constitute information had its greatest importance in pricing, tendering and greet reduction decisions.In Italy, Cescon (1999) noted the most of import uses of intersection approachs were in exist reduction, pricing, make-or-buy and investment decisions, and its least important role related to decisions about statistical distribution channels.Based on the above quotations, the costs of the ingathering, its inputs including the amount spent on crop development, testing, and packaging required to be taken into name when a pricing decision is made. Therefore, product costs are very important to make a pricing decision.In Australia, Joye and Blayney (1990) found that product costs were of major importance in the pricing decisions of the majority of companies. Therefore, cost is amajor factor that provide affect pricing decisions. Variances between actual andbudgeted cost are inh erent in business. Actual cost whitethorn not correspondwith budgeted cost, thus, it is important to necessitate a thorough planning onhow rouse these cost affect telephoner profit.Profit planning moldiness take into account expected changes in cost. Anincrease in cost with no corresponding change in selling price willgreatly affect family pelf. Thus, the ability of the enterprise to limit suppliers bargaining power as to control the price of raw materials and takings will be greatly influence the pricing decision.A products cost can be classified as fixed or variable costs,harmonize to whether the volume changes. quoted by Dominiak Louder buttocks, 1997. Fixed cost is the cost thatremains the corresponding regardless of the level of occupation or the level of sales such as property taxes, rent, advertising, insurance, and utilities. More all over, variable cost is the cost that changes in a direct proportion to changes in production volume such as sales commission, packag ing, labeling and shipping costs.In many manufacturing companies, labor costs remain constant over wide tropes of output, so managers can consider labor as a fixed cost for many short-term output decisions. In addition, most bang costs change only when managers decide to restructure the company, so these costs do not change as output fluctuates from day to day. The only cost that definitely does go up and down with production is the material cost. Hence, the cost of material will increase especially when economic downturn and the price of product will increase eventually.In spite of all, the product cost information was significantly more important when used directly in decision making. This may be because product cost information may be regarded as being more important when it is actually being used in a decision rather than as a guide for possible future decisions. Product cost information may be significantly more important in continuous production process manufacturing than in discrete-part and assembly manufacturing for product mix, output level and product discontinuation decisions because continuous production processes lead to the production of many different products for which a variety of product related decisions will need to be made.DISTRIBUTION(PLACEMENT)Placement under marketing mix involves all company activities that make the product available to the targeted customer, quoted by Kotler and Armstrong, 2004. With this, the easier the targeted customers can get the product, the more success of your company in distributing product. Distribution is getting your product to the consumer. Once you whap your market area and have safely processed and packaged your product, you have to place it where your customer can buy it.On a general note, enchantment planning placement strategy under marketing mix analysis, companies consider six different channel decisions including choosing between direct access to customers or involving middlemen, choosing in tegrity or multiple channels of distributions, the length of the distribution channel, the types of intermediaries, the numbers of distributors, and which intermediary to use based on the quality and reputation, quoted by Proctor, 2000.Therefore, distribution is important because it affects sales, profits and competitiveness. It can contribute up to fifty percent of the final selling price of some goods. Without distribution even the best product or renovation will fails. Author Jean-Jacques Lambin believes that a marketer has two roles which are organizing exchange through distribution and organizing communication. Moreover, distribution can be classified by channels, coverage, locations, transportation, logistics and others aspects. animal(prenominal) distribution or Place must integrate with the other Ps in the marketing mix such as price, product and promotion. For example, the design of product packaging must fit onto a pallet, into a truck and onto a shelf, prices are often d etermined by distribution channels, and the image of the channel must fit in with the suppliers required positioning. You can see how Coca Cola further integrate the timing of distribution and promotion in the Hall Of Fame later. In fact, they see distribution as one of their core competencies.In addition, geographic pricing is setting different prices for a customer in different part of the world which is includes shipping costs. Therefore, in that respect will be difference price on the same product in differences country. Although within a country, the same product will be charged to different prices, which may be caused by the urban or metropolitan area, income distribution and others factors.Apart from that, distribution strategy is influenced by the market structure, the firms objectives, its resources and its overall marketing strategy. All these factors are addressed in the section on selecting Distribution Channels.The first strategic decision is distribution forcefulnes s which include of intensive, selective and exclusive distribution. Intensive distribution aims to provide saturation coverage of the market by using all available outlets. For many products, heart and soul sales are directly linked to the number of outlets used such as cigarettes and beer. Intensive distribution is usually required where customers have a range of acceptable brands to get from. In other words, if one brand is not available, a customer will simply choose another.The second one is selective distribution which involves a producer using a limited number of outlets in a geographical area to sell products. The producer can choose the most appropriate or best-performing outlets and focus effort on them. Selective distribution works best when consumers are prepared to shop around or they have a preference for a particular brand or price and will search out the outlets that supply.The last one is exclusive distribution which is an extreme form of selective distribution in which only one consentientsaler, retailer or distributor is used in a specific geographical area.The next strategic decision clarifies the number of levels within a channel such as agents, distributors, wholesalers, retailers, franchisees, direct marketing and others. In some Japanese markets there are many intermediaries involved. In the marketing channel of distribution in Japan, especially in the retail sector, the number of retailers had been increasing from 1950s to the beginning of eighties consistently. However, it has begun to decrease in the beginning of 1980s, explained by Hisao Fujimoto. Companies such as Ford, Ferrari, Toyota, and Nissan use specific dealers to make their products available, whereas companies such as Nestle involve a whole chain of wholesaler retailers to reach its customers.In conclusion, distribution is playing a big role in the pricing decision. The business communities should place the product expeditiously and effectively, and set a reasonable pric e for selling. There is some advice for the consumer, that is consumer should shop for the best price as they can find regardless of how long the levels of distribution and how far the place of selling the product from you.ECONOMIC CONDITIONEconomic environment of the country is an important factor affecting the pricing decisions. Inflationary and deflationary conditions will also affect the pricing decision of a company.Inflation is a rise in the average price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. Money loses purchasing power during inflationary periods since each unit of currency buys progressively fewer goods. Consequently, inflation also reflects erosion in the purchasing power of money which is a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account in the economy. Therefore, a company should decrease the price of product when there is an inflation so the consumer will be afford to buy it.On 20 July 1993, Alan Greespan, chairperso n of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, testified in the lead a congressional committee. He said The role of expectations in the inflation process is crucial. Even expectations not validated by economic fundamentals can themselves add appreciably to wage and price pressures for a considerable period, potentially derailing the economy from its growth path.However, deflation is a decrease in average price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. While lower prices may calculate ideal from a consumers point of view at first, but deflation leads to rising of unemployment and falling in production, a situation from which it is extremely difficult to recover. Therefore, a company should charge a higher price on product when selling it so that it can be able to pay for salary of employees and covered the production cost.On the other hand, the prices are increased in boom period to cover the increasing cost of production and distribution. To meet the changing economic conditions, several(prenominal) pricing decisions are available such as price can be boosted to protect profit against rising costs, price protection system can be linked with the price on delivery to current costs and emphasis can be shifted from sales volume to profit margin and cost reduction.On March 16 alone, five days after the earthquake and tsunami and as the nations nuclear crisis was worsening, United States investors put $700 million into Japanese Exchange Traded Funds, according to the data from Trim Tabs, an investment research organization. That was twice the previous largest daily inflow on record, in 2003. After the earthquake, investors waited for two trading days before acting. But on Wednesday, March 16, after stocks in Tokyo fell by about 10 percent, investors in the United States responded by moving intemperately into E.T.F.s. One reason may be that Japanese stocks still have far to go in their recovery. Though the Nikkei 225 index in Toky o has bounced back from recent lows, it is still down 9.43 percent since before the earthquake.